Urologie pro praxi 4/2001
Nádory ledvin dětského věku
Renal tumors in childhood Review article summerizing the problem of renal tumors in children. Cancer in children comprises only one percent among all cancers in man. Renal tumors in children are the sixth in the scale of incidence. The majority of them are malignant, most frequent is nephroblastoma (Wilms´ tumor). Almost 80 % appears in children younger of 5 years, very often is associated with inborn malformations. Pathologically the most frequent is the classical triphasic type, the furthers are rhabdoid tumor, clear cell sarcoma and anaplastic type. Nephroblastoma metastasizes into lung (predominantly), liver, rarely into the brain or bones, it involves hilar and paraaortic lymhnodes. Locally involves perirenal lipoid tissue and retroperitoneum. The diagnosis of nephroblastoma is performed by ultrasound and CT. Therapeutically surgery and chemotherapy have their role, radiotherapy is used only in aggressive and inoperable tumors. Prognosis of localized tumors is 90 %, in most advanced diseases 60 % respectively. Key word: renal tumors in children, nephroblastoma
