Pediatria pre prax 6/2018
Unusual case of hypercalcaemia in an adolescent girl
The differential diagnosis of hypercalcaemia includes a wide spectrum of endocrine and renal diseases, as well as inherited disorders of calcium-sensing receptors and co-receptors of the phosphate regulation cascade. Hence, the simultaneous examination of phosphate metabolism is an essential part of the evaluation of calcium derangements. Herein, we present a case of hypercalcaemia due to hyperparathyroidism caused by a solitary parathyroid adenoma. In rare cases, parathyroid adenoma may be associated with other endocrine disorders as part of a MEN syndrome. Mild hypercalcaemia (up to 3 mmol/l) without significant clinical symptoms may remain unrecognised. If the calcium concentration exceeds 3 mmol/l, pathognomic cardiovascular, uropoetic, nervous and gastrointestinal symptoms manifest. Symptoms may be modified by the primary hypercalcaemia-inducing disease. Treatment options include hyperhydration, diuretics, bisphosphonates and cinacalcet.
Keywords: calcium, parathyroid gland, parathormone, hypercalcaemia, adenoma
