Pediatria pre prax 6/2025
Testicular tumors in childhood
Testicular tumors are rare in the prepubertal age compared with the postpubertal period and adulthood. Physical examination, serum markers (especially alpha-fetoprotein) and scrotal ultrasonography play an important role in their diagnosis. The key to an optimal outcome is early recognition of clinical manifestations, especially painless testicular enlargement. Testicular-sparing surgery is gaining increasing importance in children due to the dominance of benign tumors. For malignant tumors, radical inguinal orchiectomy followed by oncological treatment (especially chemotherapy) according to the stage of the disease is the standard approach. The prognosis of pediatric testicular tumors is generally good – most patients are cured. However, long-term follow-up is necessary due to possible late recurrence or adverse effects of treatment. Given the rarity of pediatric testicular tumors, their management should be multidisciplinary and strictly centralized.
Keywords: testicular tumors, childhood, etiopathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, follow-up
