Onkológia 2/2026

Oncofertility and oncosexuality in men with cancer

Sexual health represents an important yet frequently overlooked component of comprehensive cancer care. This review article summarizes current knowledge regarding the prevalence, pathophysiology, and management of sexual dysfunction in men following cancer treatment. Based on available epidemiological evidence and current clinical recommendations, it highlights the high prevalence of erectile dysfunction, decreased libido, and ejaculatory disorders after surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy, affecting 50–90% of patients depending on cancer type and treatment modality. An important aspect of survivorship is the risk of impaired fertility following curative treatment, particularly among young men with testicular cancer and hematological malignancies, underscoring the need for timely discussions about fertility preservation before treatment initiation. The growing population of long-term cancer survivors further emphasizes the importance of structured onco-sexual care and reproductive counseling. Sexual and reproductive health are integral components of long- -term cancer survivorship care. Issues related to sexual dysfunction, fertility preservation, and reproductive counseling require a multidisciplinary approach and remain important areas of both research and clinical practice because of their potential impact on quality of life and the psychosocial well-being of patients following completion of cancer treatment.

Keywords: sexual health, erectile dysfunction, infertility, onco-sexology, oncofertility, male cancer survivors