Onkológia 2/2025
New EBMT’s recommendations for GvHD prophylaxis and treatment
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is one of the most severe complications following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This syndrome arises due to an immunological reaction of donor T-lymphocytes against the host and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality after transplantation. The European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) regularly updates its recommendations for the prophylaxis and treatment of GvHD based on the latest scientific findings and clinical studies. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the EBMT’s 2024 recommendations for GvHD prophylaxis and treatment. It focuses on prevention strategies and therapeutic options, with a particular emphasis on key pharmacological approaches, including calcineurin inhibitors, post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy), anti-T-lymphocyte globulin (ATG), and new biological agents. Special attention is given to the implementation of modern therapeutic strategies, the concept of personalized medicine, and the novel targeted therapies such as ruxolitinib, belumosudil, and ibrutinib. The presented clinical data and evidence may significantly contribute to the optimization of GvHD treatment, improvement of clinical outcomes, and enhancement of the quality of life for patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Keywords: EBMT’s recommendations, graft-versus-host disease, prophylaxis, treatment
