Onkológia 2/2018
Kritériá minimálnej reziduálnej choroby pri chronickej lymfocytovej leukémii
Minimal residual disease – its importance in patients with chronic lymphotic leukemia In most patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), profound remission and long-term disease-free survival can be achieved with first-line chemoimmunotherapy, such as a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab. Less intensive regimens such as obinutuzumab and chlorambucil do not have the potential to achieve deep remission. By clinical examination of the patient, it is not possible to capture the residual disease that persists after the treatment. Methods based on multicolored flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction are able to detect a minimum residual disease (MRD) at 0.010% (10−4). MRD after treatment in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an independent predictor of the outcome of treatment. Due to the increasing number of new molecules in CLL treatment, MRD could be used as a prognostic marker of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). This would shorten the time needed to assess their effectiveness in long-term follow-up.
Keywords: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, minimal residual disease, progression free survival (PFS), overal survival
