Onkológia 4/2025
Clinical benefits of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of breast cancer with pathogenic BRCA gene variants
Breast cancer with pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes represents a subset of tumors with a defective mechanism for homologous recombination DNA repair. In recent years, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have emerged as effective targeted therapies for this specific group of patients. Cells lacking functional BRCA1 or BRCA2 are in vitro sensitive to DNA strand break repair through the inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which is actively involved in their repair and plays a significant role in this process. PARP inhibitors— olaparib and talazoparib—are successfully used in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in patients with germline BRCA mutations (gBRCA). PARP inhibitors are utilized not only in advanced stages of the disease but also in adjuvant therapy, complementing surgical treatment.
Keywords: breast cancer, germline BRCA mutations, PARP inhibitors, olaparib, talazoparib
