Neurológia pre prax 3/2021

Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection with respect to the multiple sclerosis

SARS-CoV-2 virus which is pandemic is entering host cells via interaction between viral spike glycoprotein S with membrane bound ACE2 enzyme. All cells expressing ACE2 are infectable by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The natural course of COVID-19 diseases which is caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection is very individual. It is caused especially by individual immune reactivities. Those infected people who are unable to control and eliminate SARS-CoV-2 infection effectively can progress into severe harm inflammatory response affecting especially respiratory tract. However, SARS-CoV-2 virus could be recognized as neurotropic. Cellular structure of CNS are expressing ACE2 viral receptor. There are several putative ways for SARS-CoV-2 to enter CNS. Patients with multiple sclerosis are not at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These patients will profit from active immunisation against SARS-CoV-2. This immunisation will induced at least partial protection against SARS-CoV-2 with very limited risk of harm effects of immunisation.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, immunity, CNS, multiple sclerosis, treatment, immunisation