Anestéziológia a intenzívna medicína 2/2022

Monitoring circulating fluid volume using stroke volume variation

Fluid administration is the first step in the treatment of hemodynamically unstable patients. Both hypovolemia and hypervolemia are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, so optimal volume therapy requires accurate evaluation of the patient‘s intravascular volume (cardiac preload) and the ability to predict a hemodynamic response after fluid administration. Highly predictive dynamic parameter, Stroke Volume Variation, uses the interaction of heart, lung, and venous return during mechanical ventilation to predict this. Replacement volume therapy optimized by stroke volume variation, compared to standard monitoring, is useful for identifying patients requiring intravascular volume administration „volume responders“, with a reduction of overdose fluid in „non-responders“.

Keywords: intravascular volume, preload, heart and lung interaction, stroke volume variation